Health
Gender-Based Violence: A Scourge On Humanity And Breaking The Silence
By Professor Edwin Igoche
Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is an umbrella term for harmful acts of abuse perpetrated against a person’s will and rooted in a system of unequal power between women and men. It is a pervasive and insidious issues that affect individuals of all genders, ages and backgrounds worldwide. It is a grave violation of human rights causing physical, emotional and psychological harm to millions of people every year.
The United Nation (UN) defined violence against women as an act of gender-based violence that result in or is likely to result in physical or psychological harm or suffering to women including threat of such act, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty whether occurring in public or in private life. It is a complex problem that requires a multifaceted approach to prevention, support and justice.
Gender-based violence can manifest in a variety of ways, which include as follows: –
• Physical violence: such as assault, domestic violence, female genital mutilation and slavery.
• Emotional and psychological violence: such as verbal abuse, confinement, harassment and stalking.
• Sexual violence including rape, sexual assault and exploitation.
• Economic violence includes financial control and deprivation
• Cultural and social violence which include denial of resources, forced marriages and harassment.
Research has found that adolescent girls living in displacement are particularly at risk. Gender-based violence can happen to anyone. However, it disproportionately affects women and girls. This is the most common form of violence against women and girls in humanitarian context.
A research and accurate statistic that Gender-based violence are prevalent in Nigeria. In 2020, 7,349 incidents of GBV were reported in Nigeria.
• 58.2% of the reported cases were from non-intimate perpetrators.
• Sexual and physical violence accounted for 72.3% reported incidents
• One in three women that experience physical, sexual or intimate-partner violence are victims of trafficking, or are subject to violent social norms.
• Gender-based violence is a human rights violation with significant social and economic repercussion for individuals and society.
Causes of Gender-based violence
There are variety of causes to this kind of violence which include:-
1. Poverty: When families are pushed into poverty, harmful practices like child marriage increases.
2. Gender inequality and stereotypes.
3. Break down of social services: A collapse of social service such as community structure and rule of law means women can fund themselves without social support and protection system in violent situations. It can also result in women and girls traveling long distance in search of food and water which increase risk of sexual harassment and assault.
4. Conflict and war: Rising numbers of conflict globally are driving an increase in conflict related sexual violence without the rule of law. This is often carried out with impunity. Armed forces may use rape as a weapon of war and other form of conflict related sexual violence (CRSV) such as sexual slavery, force prostitution, forced pregnancy, forced abortion, forced sterilization and forced marriage.
5. Stress in the home: Intimidate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of violence women experience in humanitarian setting. IPV and child maltreatment and abuse occur more frequently when families experience an inability to meet their basic needs and consistence income. Other causes of GBV include: power imbalance, economic dependence and lack of education and awareness among others.
The consequences and impact of GBV can range from physical harm to long-term emotional distress and even to fatalities. Rape and sexual assault for instance, can result in unwanted pregnancies, complications during pregnancy and birth, and sexually transmitted infections including (HIV). Social and economic fallout from GBV can also lead to loss of livelihood and increase gender inequality in the long term.
Reporting and seeking service for GBV victims can lead to further threat of violence, social stigma and ostracization, if not properly handled. It is also a key barrier to women and girls accessing other lifesaving services, such as food, shelter and healthcare. Others include, limited access to education and opportunities, economic dependence and poverty, mental health issue like anxiety and depression.
The impact of GBV has a long-lasting effect on individuals, survivors and their families and society at large among which are;
• Perpetration of gender
• Stereotypes and discrimination
• Normalization of violence and abuse
• Increased healthcare costs and burden on services
• Reduce economic productivity and development
• Intergenerational trauma and cycle of violence
The world body, international communities, notable and renowned scholars, had raised a unanimous and conscientious voice in the total and stark condemnation of GBV in their various quotes, among which are;
1. Antonio Guterres UN secretary-General “The persistence of genderbased violence is a stark reminder of the deep-seated gender inequalities that persist in our societies”.
2. Professor Rashida Manjoo, UN special Rapporteur on violence against women: “Gender-based violence is a reflection of the way in which our society have failed to value and respect the lives and dignity of women and girls”.
3. Dr Denis Mukwege, a Nobel Peace Prize laureate said: “Genderbased violence is not just a women’s issue. It’s a crisis that requires a collective response”.
4. Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the Director General of World Health Organization quoted that “Violence against women is a violation of human rights, a public health epidemic, and a barrier to gender inequality”.
5. Plumzile Mlambo–Ngcuka, the United Nation Women Executive Director states that “Gender-based violence is a pandemic that affects one in three women worldwide, regardless of their age, background, or circumstances”
All the above quotes, highlight the severity and impact of GBV which should not be taken with levity, emphasizing the need for collective effort and action to address this global issue by breaking the silence with the following recommendation highlighted thus:
• Include women in decision-making at leadership level.
• Support local women-led and women’s right organization
• Believe and support survivors
• Provide access to resources and services, like counseling, legal aid healthcare.
• Create safe access for disclosure.
• Challenge harmful gender norms and stereotypes.
• Engage men in gender equality effort as male allies.
• Advocate for policies and laws protecting survivors.
I will conclude by saying that, GBV is a pervasive issue that requires collective effort, action and commitment. Understanding its complexity, supporting survivors, and challenging harmful norms, we can create a society that values gender equality, justice and human rights for all, because an injustice to one, is an injustice to all and a threat to justice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.
Health
Rotary, partners provide free health services for 500 in Abuja communities
From Ovayioza Onukaba, Abuja
The Rotary Club of Abuja Maitama has partnered with the Teen Ambassadors Foundation to provide free medical services to residents and workers across several districts of the Federal Capital Territory.
The programme, flagged off on Friday at the Cyprian Ekwensi Arts and Culture Centre in Area 10, Garki, will offer free consultations, screenings and treatment for various health conditions.
President of the Rotary Club of Abuja Maitama, Rt. Maha Altine Longe, said the outreach was part of Rotary’s efforts to support communities through healthcare intervention.
According to her, the initiative is designed to extend basic healthcare services to residents who may not have regular access to preventive medical care.
“Rotary is about action. It is about taking the resources, skills and time we have been blessed with and channeling them toward those who need it most,” Longe said.
“Today, that action takes the form of healthcare.”

CAPTION: The District Governor, Rotary International District 9127, Dr. Joy Nky Okoro (fifth left) with the President of the club, Rtn. Maha Altine Longe, club members and health workers during the outreach in Abuja
She said the collaboration with the Teen Ambassadors Foundation demonstrates the importance of partnerships in addressing community challenges.
“This partnership is proof that when organisations come together with a shared purpose, we can achieve far more than we ever could alone,” she said.
Longe explained that the medical outreach would offer a range of services including eye examinations and the distribution of glasses, hepatitis screening and vaccination, malaria testing and treatment, blood pressure and diabetes checks as well as health education and counselling.
“Over the course of this outreach we will be offering free health consultations and screenings, eye checks and provision of glasses, hepatitis screening and vaccination, malaria testing and treatment, blood pressure and diabetes checks, health education and counselling, and the distribution of essential medications,” she said.
She stressed that preventive healthcare plays a critical role in improving community wellbeing.
“Your health is your wealth, and we are here to support you in safeguarding it,” she said.
Longe commended the medical professionals participating in the outreach, including optometrists and specialists handling hepatitis screening and vaccination.
She also acknowledged the contributions of sponsors, volunteers and members of the Rotary Club for supporting the initiative.
“I want to express my profound gratitude to everyone who has made this possible – our medical team, our partners at the Teen Ambassadors Foundation, our sponsors and every Rotarian and volunteer who has worked tirelessly behind the scenes,” she said.
Longe encouraged residents attending the outreach to cooperate with volunteers and follow instructions in order to ensure that all participants benefit from the programme.
“As we flag off this outreach, let us remember that even the smallest act of kindness can have a ripple effect,” she said.
“A consultation today, a medication given, a pair of glasses provided or a hepatitis vaccination administered are seeds from which healthier communities grow.”
The outreach is expected to serve residents from several districts across Abuja, including Area 1, Area 2, Area 3, Area 10 and Area 11, as well as nearby communities.
Health
Rotary impacts on disease prevention in 121 years -DG
From Adeko Ukpa, Abuja
The District Governor, Rotary International District 9127, Dr. Joy Nky Okoro said the organization has helped the world to prevent and control outbreak of diseases in the world in 121 years.
She said Rotary has reduced Polio globally by 99 per cent.
Okoro said these during the grand finale of the Rotary Day Celebration (RODAC) and lighting of the Torch of Unitty to mark 121st anniversary of the organization.
She said: “Rotary International has impacted the world in many areas, especially disease prevention and control. We have invested heavily maternal and child health.
“Despite global challenges such as the Great Depression and World War II, Rotary continued to grow. The organisation played a role in the establishment of the United Nations children’s agency UNICEF in 1945.
“The organisation’s PolioPlus programme, launched in 1985, has helped to reduce polio cases worldwide by 99.9 per cent, with only a few countries still reporting infections.
” Rotary interventions on disease surveillance, prevention and control are expanding to malaria challenge and community health. We have had it good in 121 years.
“Rotary International now has more than 1.4 million members across over 200 countries, working on projects that include disease prevention, peacebuilding, education, healthcare and humanitarian relief.
“In Nigeria, Rotary operates six districts, with more than 500 clubs and over 9,000 Rotarians nationwide.”

L-R: The Chairperson of Rotary Day Celebration (RODAC), Barr. Mohammed Adama, the President of Rotary International, Francesco Arezzo and the District Governor, Rotary International, Dr. Joy Nky Okoro with the Torch of Unity to mark 121st anniversary of Rotary International in Abuja.
The Chairperson of RODAC in the district, Barr. Mohammed Adama said: “The event was a convergence of legacies
And it is not just a Joint Fellowship, it is a spiritual, symbolic, and strategic alignment of everything Rotary has been, everything Rotary is, and everything Rotary is becoming.
“We are not simply Unveiling a Torch, we are revealing our collective destiny.
“When Rotary began 121 years ago, it did not begin with wealth, power, or global influence. It began with four people, who believed that friendship could become service, and service could become transformation.
“Those four voices have multiplied into thousands across our Rotary International District 9127. What began as a circle has become a movement. What began as an idea has become a global force for good. And that is what we are celebrating.”
Health
Immunisation, vital to polio eradication in the world, says Rotary International President
From Adeko Ukpa, Anuja
The President of the Rotary International, Francesco Arezzo, yesterday said immunisation is vital to polio eradication in the world.
He also said the organization is looking forward to 90-97 per cent immunisation coverage of children to eliminate polio virus and prevent vaccine-derived cases in Nigeria.
He said “zero dose of oral polio vaccine is our dream, our goal.”
He said polio is still endemic in two countries in the world, namely Afghanistan and Pakistan.
He , however, rated Nigeria high in making Africa polio free.
Nigeria was declared polio-free in 2020 but strains of the vaccine-derived virus have persisted in recent years.
Arezzo spoke on polio eradication evaluation at a press briefing in Abuja on the final leg of his seven-day visit to Nigeria.

L-R: President Rotary International, Francesco Arezzo, his Wife Anna Maria Francesco Arezzo, Chairman, Nigeria National PolioPlus Committee (NNPPC), PDG Joshua Hassan and Trustee, The Rotary Foundation, Past District Governor (PDG), Ijeoma Pearl Okoro, during the Polio immunisation by the President Rotary International held at Primary Healthcare Care, Area 2 Garki Abuja, yesterday.
He urged the government, stakeholders, and citizens to view polio eradication as a collective public health responsibility.
He called on the Nigerian government and partners to maintain cooperation and ensure every child is immunised.
He said the failure to complete the campaign could put future generations at risk of renewed outbreaks.
He said: “Eradication of Polio is possible, though not easy. The response is straightforward. First, we must continue using the new, more stable vaccine, which significantly reduces vaccine-derived cases.
“Second, we must maintain a very high immunisation rate. Vaccine-derived cases occur only where population immunity is low. With high coverage, such cases cannot spread. These are the two key actions required”.
He assured that Rotary would continue to support Nigeria’s polio eradication efforts.
He described the campaign as a global responsibility rather than the undertaking of a single organisation.
“This is not the problem of Rotary alone; it is the problem of humanity,” he said.
Arezzo commended Nigeria’s efforts at making Africa polio free
He said: “You have remained committed to the Polio Plus campaign in Nigeria. Polio was one of the major global health challenges when the eradication effort began in 1975, and even more so when the Global Polio Eradication Initiative was founded in 1985. At the time, some regions of the world were considered extremely difficult to address,” he said.
“Africa was among those regions. India, however, was widely regarded as not just difficult but impossible. Yet cooperation and commitment proved otherwise.
“The work done in Africa was exceptional, and in 2020 the continent was certified polio-free. That achievement was the result of sustained efforts, including here in Nigeria. India, once considered impossible, also achieved polio-free status.
“Today, only two countries remain endemic: Afghanistan and Pakistan. There are still cases of vaccine-derived poliovirus in some parts of the world, including Nigeria, but the numbers are declining”.
Arezzo said the decline in the polio scourge was due to two main factors, including stable vaccine and a high-level of Immunization.
He added: “First, a more stable vaccine has been introduced. In the past, vaccine-derived cases occurred because the weakened virus could mutate in environments where immunisation coverage was low.
“The newer vaccine is more stable, significantly reducing such variations. This is a major step towards eradication.
“Second, maintaining a very high level of immunisation is critical. To eradicate polio completely, at least 90–97 percent of children under five must be immunised. This is essential”.
The Rotary International president also drew attention to the human cost of the campaign, disclosing that 76 people had died in Nigeria since 2012 during polio vaccination exercises, while 382 vaccinators had been killed in Pakistan.
“These are numbers that are very sad to hear. The best way to honour them is to finish this campaign.”
Later at Area 2, Garki, Abuja, where he and his spouse, Anna Maria, administered polio drops to children, Arezzo said Rotary’s focus remained on protecting children through vaccination.
“For us, it is always a great emotion to give the two drops in the mouth of our children, because each child that we vaccinate is one child that will be safe from polio. Every dose represents a step toward the eradication of polio,” he said.
He said sustained community engagement, particularly with mothers, remained central to the campaign’s success.
“The main job is to explain, to convince, to say how important it is. And I am convinced that they understood how important it is for their children,” he said.
Arezzo said the long-term goal was to achieve zero-dose coverage nationwide, noting that while no fixed timeline had been set, efforts were being intensified.
“We don’t want to leave any child without the two drops. Zero dose is our dream, our goal,” he said.
Earlier, the Chairman of the Nigerian National Polio Plus Committee (NNPPC), Joshua Hassan, expressed concern over the emergence of two vaccine-derived polio cases in Kebbi State, as well as the deaths of two volunteers linked to security challenges, which he said remained a major concern.
He also dismissed claims of declining interest among Rotarians, describing the situation as volunteer fatigue rather than unwillingness.
He said Rotarians were volunteers, many of whom were based in urban centres, while vaccination activities were concentrated in rural areas.
Hassan said Rotary was exploring ways to expand its presence in underserved regions, including parts of the North-East, while relying on volunteers and health workers to sustain immunisation drives.
He stressed that ending polio remained Rotary International’s top priority. “We are 99.9 per cent done, and we must finish the job,” he said.
Also speaking, 9127 District Governor, Princess Joy Okoro, said the visit was to assess Nigeria’s use of global grants and reaffirm Rotary’s commitment to eradication.
“We are still fighting polio to make sure that the poliovirus is totally eradicated in Nigeria, advocacy would be strengthened in states with emerging vaccine-derived cases,” she said.
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