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Gender-Based Violence: A Scourge On Humanity And Breaking The Silence

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By Professor Edwin Igoche

Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is an umbrella term for harmful acts of abuse perpetrated against a person’s will and rooted in a system of unequal power between women and men. It is a pervasive and insidious issues that affect individuals of all genders, ages and backgrounds worldwide. It is a grave violation of human rights causing physical, emotional and psychological harm to millions of people every year.

The United Nation (UN) defined violence against women as an act of gender-based violence that result in or is likely to result in physical or psychological harm or suffering to women including threat of such act, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty whether occurring in public or in private life. It is a complex problem that requires a multifaceted approach to prevention, support and justice.

Gender-based violence can manifest in a variety of ways, which include as follows: –

• Physical violence: such as assault, domestic violence, female genital mutilation and slavery.

• Emotional and psychological violence: such as verbal abuse, confinement, harassment and stalking.

• Sexual violence including rape, sexual assault and exploitation.

• Economic violence includes financial control and deprivation

• Cultural and social violence which include denial of resources, forced marriages and harassment.

Research has found that adolescent girls living in displacement are particularly at risk. Gender-based violence can happen to anyone. However, it disproportionately affects women and girls. This is the most common form of violence against women and girls in humanitarian context.

A research and accurate statistic that Gender-based violence are prevalent in Nigeria. In 2020, 7,349 incidents of GBV were reported in Nigeria.

• 58.2% of the reported cases were from non-intimate perpetrators.

• Sexual and physical violence accounted for 72.3% reported incidents

• One in three women that experience physical, sexual or intimate-partner violence are victims of trafficking, or are subject to violent social norms.

• Gender-based violence is a human rights violation with significant social and economic repercussion for individuals and society.

Causes of Gender-based violence

There are variety of causes to this kind of violence which include:-

1. Poverty: When families are pushed into poverty, harmful practices like child marriage increases.

2. Gender inequality and stereotypes.

3. Break down of social services: A collapse of social service such as community structure and rule of law means women can fund themselves without social support and protection system in violent situations. It can also result in women and girls traveling long distance in search of food and water which increase risk of sexual harassment and assault.

4. Conflict and war: Rising numbers of conflict globally are driving an increase in conflict related sexual violence without the rule of law. This is often carried out with impunity. Armed forces may use rape as a weapon of war and other form of conflict related sexual violence (CRSV) such as sexual slavery, force prostitution, forced pregnancy, forced abortion, forced sterilization and forced marriage.

5. Stress in the home: Intimidate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of violence women experience in humanitarian setting. IPV and child maltreatment and abuse occur more frequently when families experience an inability to meet their basic needs and consistence income.  Other causes of GBV  include: power imbalance, economic dependence and lack of education and awareness among others.

The consequences and impact of GBV can range from physical harm to long-term emotional distress and even to fatalities. Rape and sexual assault for instance, can result in unwanted pregnancies, complications during pregnancy and birth, and sexually transmitted infections including (HIV). Social and economic fallout from GBV can also lead to loss of livelihood and increase gender inequality in the long term.

Reporting and seeking service for GBV victims can lead to further threat of violence, social stigma and ostracization, if not properly handled. It is also a key barrier to women and girls accessing other lifesaving services, such as food, shelter and healthcare. Others include, limited access to education and opportunities, economic dependence and poverty, mental health issue like anxiety and depression.

The impact of GBV has a long-lasting effect on individuals, survivors and their families and society at large among which are;

• Perpetration of gender

• Stereotypes and discrimination

• Normalization of violence and abuse

• Increased healthcare costs and burden on services

• Reduce economic productivity and development

• Intergenerational trauma and cycle of violence

The world body, international communities, notable and renowned scholars, had raised a unanimous and conscientious voice in the total and stark condemnation of GBV in their various quotes, among which are;

1. Antonio Guterres UN secretary-General “The persistence of genderbased violence is a stark reminder of the deep-seated gender inequalities that persist in our societies”.

2. Professor Rashida Manjoo, UN special Rapporteur on violence against women: “Gender-based violence is a reflection of the way in which our society have failed to value and respect the lives and dignity of women and girls”.

3. Dr Denis Mukwege, a Nobel Peace Prize laureate said: “Genderbased violence is not just a women’s issue. It’s a crisis that requires a collective response”.

4. Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the Director General of World Health Organization quoted that “Violence against women is a violation of human rights, a public health epidemic, and a barrier to gender inequality”.

5. Plumzile Mlambo–Ngcuka, the United Nation Women Executive Director states that “Gender-based violence is a pandemic that affects one in three women worldwide, regardless of their age, background, or circumstances”

All the above quotes, highlight the severity and impact of GBV which should not be taken with levity, emphasizing the need for collective effort and action to address this global issue by breaking the silence with the following recommendation highlighted thus:

• Include women in decision-making at leadership level.

• Support local women-led and women’s right organization

• Believe and support survivors

• Provide access to resources and services, like counseling, legal aid healthcare.

• Create safe access for disclosure.

• Challenge harmful gender norms and stereotypes.

• Engage men in gender equality effort as male allies.

• Advocate for policies and laws protecting survivors.

I will conclude by saying that, GBV is a pervasive issue that requires collective effort, action and commitment. Understanding its complexity, supporting survivors, and challenging harmful norms, we can create a society that values gender equality, justice and human rights for all, because an injustice to one, is an injustice to all and a threat to justice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.

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Health

Rotary International spends $3bn to fight polio globally

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From  Adeko Ukpa

Rotary International has spent $3 billion in the fight against poliovirus globally, Michael McGovern, Chair of the Rotary International Polio Plus Committee, has revealed.

The Rotary International Chief, who reaffirmed the organization’s commitment to eradicating polio in Nigeria, urged the Nigerian government and other stakeholders to remain steadfast in prioritizing polio eradication efforts.

Speaking on Tuesday at the Masaka Primary Health Center in Nasarawa State, where he participated in a symbolic polio immunization exercise, McGovern emphasized the importance of continued efforts to protect children from the devastating effects of polio.

“Over the years, we have invested nearly $3 billion. It’s a lot of money, but we are happy to do it because we see the benefit, 20 million children who have not been disabled.

“The biggest impression that everyone has to have here is to see the beautiful children and recognize the importance of their health.

“Ensuring they receive necessary immunizations is vital for them to live healthy lives,” he said.

Despite significant progress, he noted that Nigeria remains at risk, with cases of vaccine-derived poliovirus still being recorded, saying, “While the cases aren’t huge in number, they are crucially important in terms of eradicating this sad, sad disease once and for all”.

He stressed the importance of routine immunization to prevent a resurgence, saying, “The most responsible thing is for everyone to support all routine immunizations, for measles, polio, and many other diseases.

“Immunization strengthens the immune system and protects children from multiple illnesses, not just polio”.

McGovern, however, acknowledged the tireless work of frontline health workers, who venture into difficult terrains to ensure that children receive vaccines.

“We particularly want to acknowledge the frontline workers who go out into the heat, into so many places, and the mothers who make sure their children are immunized.

“It’s life-saving. It makes a difference,” he noted.

McGovern also recognized the contributions of international partners such as the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Gavi the Vaccine Alliance, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, but emphasized the critical role of local communities, noting, “In the end, it’s the local communities that make the difference, ensuring children are immunized and have a healthy future”.

He also underscored the importance of health surveillance, saying, “Laboratories, parents, and local health authorities must remain vigilant. If a child shows signs of illness, parents should take them to health facilities to find out what is going on”.

On Nigeria’s broader immunization efforts, he noted that all countries, including his home country, the United States, could do more, “Nigeria is not unlike the rest of the world. Every country can do more than it is doing now,” he stressed.

However, McGovern reiterated that while polio eradication remains a priority, Rotary International is also committed to supporting broader child and maternal health initiatives.

“The next big project will be determined by Rotarians worldwide. We don’t prescribe top-down solutions; we listen to the needs of local communities,” he said.

Carol Pandak, Director of the Polio Plus Program at Rotary International, echoed McGovern’s sentiments, urging Nigerian communities to prioritize vaccinations.

“I’ve been very impressed with the mothers, children, and the dedication of local health workers.

“The most important thing parents can do is immunize their children, not just against polio but against all vaccine-preventable diseases,” she said.

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Nigeria to benefit from Rotary’s $9m program to improve childhood health

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By Adeko Ukpa

 

African Telescope reports that the Rotary International, in partnership with the Gates Foundation, has launched a US$9million initiative to improve healthcare services, in Nigeria, starting in Kebbi State

The gesture, according to a statement by RI, in Abuja, is in response to the continued threat of malaria, pneumonia, and diarrheal diseases to children under five in the country.

The international humanitarian organization said the Rotary Healthy Communities Challenge is aimed to reduce Malaria, Pneumonia, and Diarrheal Diseases by Strengthening Community Health Systems.

“As part of the broader Rotary Healthy Communities Challenge’ (RHCC), the Nigeria program, guided by the Federal Ministry of Health, will address the specific health needs in Kebbi State and one additional state to be determined at a later stage.

“Over 2,750 community health workers will be trained and deployed to provide essential diagnosis, treatment, and care for malaria, pneumonia, and diarrhea, significantly reducing childhood mortality in these regions.

“Rotary is committed to improving health outcomes by empowering communities,” said Dr. Aloysius Dele Balogun, Rotary Country Committee Lead in Nigeria and member of the Rotary Club Agege. “Through this initiative, we are equipping our community healthcare workers with the tools and training necessary to deliver life-saving services right where they are needed the most.”

He added that over the next three years, Rotary members, in partnership with PATH (Program for Appropriate Technology in Health)

would work closely with government at central and local levels, along with community leaders, to enhance health systems, “aiming to reach an estimated 3.5 million people in 700,000 households in the target states.”

He said the program would  also foster community engagement and raise awareness on the importance of early disease treatment, while improving data collection and management practices for accurate health reporting and informed decision-making.

“By empowering community health workers and strengthening local healthcare systems, this initiative in Kebbi State can significantly reduce preventable deaths from malaria, pneumonia and diarrhea,” said Dr. Obinna Onyekwena, Deputy Director, Infectious Diseases Advocacy at the Gates Foundation. “The Gates Foundation is proud to partner with Rotary and PATH on this crucial step towards a healthier future for children in Nigeria.”

The Rotary Healthy Communities Challenge, according to the statement, is a multi-country initiative aimed at strengthening community health systems and reducing childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa.

By focusing on malaria, pneumonia, and diarrheal diseases, the program seeks to create sustainable health improvements in Nigeria, as well as in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Mozambique, and Zambia.

In the latter three countries, Rotary is partnering with World Vision alongside the Gates Foundation to implement the program.

The initiative builds on the success of Rotary’s Programs of Scale ‘Partners for a Malaria-Free Zambia,’ which significantly reduced malaria incidence in targeted districts.

“PATH is privileged to partner with Rotary in support of the Ministry of Health,” said Dr. Ayebatari Lawson, Team Lead for PATH MACEPA (Malaria Control and Elimination Partnership Africa) in Nigeria. “Trained community health workers save lives by detecting and clearing infections early. Through their work, the health system is strengthened with local, timely and quality disease data.”

The statement added that “Rotary members throughout the world develop and implement sustainable, community-driven projects that fight disease, promote peace, provide clean water, support education, help mothers and children, grow local economies and protect the environment.

“Over the last 100 years, US $5.5 billion has been awarded through The Rotary Foundation – Rotary’s charitable arm that helps clubs work together to perform meaningful, impactful service.”

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Rotary Offers Free Medical Outreach To Over 1000 FCT Residents

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By Adeko Ukpa

The Rotary Club of Abuja Maitama has made a significant impact by providing free medical outreach to over 1,000 residents of the Galuwyi community in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT).

The outreach, organised under the theme of “Family Health Day,” offered a wide array of services, including malaria screening and treatment, HIV testing and counseling, hypertension screening, medical consultations, and the distribution of essential medications.

The event also featured distribution of oral rehydration and deworming drugs for both adults and children, insecticide-treated mosquito nets, and sanitary pads for girls.

Governor-Elect of Rotary International District 9127, Dame Princess Joy Okoro,

highlighted the ongoing commitment to the Galuwyi community which is one of the Club’s adopted communities.

“Every year, we come here for this program to assist the community on health matters. You can see the range of medications we’ve brought for malaria, hypertension, and other common ailments. We have dewormed over 100 children here,” she stated.

Okoro went on to explain the workflow of the medical outreach, ensuring that registered participants received comprehensive care: “We have doctors, nurses, and pharmacists on-site, allowing us to manage and treat various health issues as efficiently as a hospital would.”

When asked about the outreach’s focus on Galuwyi community, she explained, “Our goal is to continuously assess and meet the health needs of these populations. The demand for healthcare is always present, and we aim to ensure that our interventions grow with that.”

President of the Rotary Club of Abuja Maitama, Rotarian Rosemond Favour Uche, emphasised the importance of pre-outreach preparations. “We conducted a two-week sensitization campaign to inform the community about our services. Many residents are aware of our annual visits during this time.”

Speaking on the costs incurred for the outreach, Uche estimated the total to be over one million Naira, only counting drugs and logistics.

“While we hoped to see more attendance, we understand farming commitments have kept some residents away. We are here to treat everyone willing to come forward,” she added.

Rotarian Winifred Mbashall, the community service project chair, acknowledged the harsh economic realities many residents face, further stressing the importance of health services: “If people aren’t healthy, they can’t pursue education or other life goals. We must ensure that the community remains healthy to support our collective projects.”

While speaking on the role of government in uplifting the health sector, Mbashall urged for collaboration. “We appeal to the government to equip the health centers we’ve established. Access to medical care must be improved for the community, especially in emergencies. Infrastructure is key, but we also need qualified personnel to make these facilities operational.”

As the event concluded, community members expressed gratitude for the services received, signaling a strong bond between the Rotary Club and the Galuwyi residents.

The outreach serves as an important reminder of the significant role community-based initiatives play in ensuring the health and well-being of citizens in need.

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